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Osnabrück mortar attack
The Osnabrück mortar attack was an improvised mortar attack carried out by a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) unit based in mainland Europe on 28 June 1996 against the British Army's Quebec Barracks at Osnabrück Garrison near Osnabrück, Germany.
==Background==
The main participants in the Troubles, in particular the British Government and the IRA, had accepted by the early 1990s that they couldn't resolve the conflict by force. The IRA believed that greater progress towards republican objectives might be achieved by negotiation.〔Taylor, Peter (1999). ''Behind the mask: The IRA and Sinn Féin'', Chapter 21: ''Stalemate'', pp. 246–261. ISBN 1-57500-077-6,〕 In this context, the IRA declared a "permanent cessation" of hostilities on 31 August 1994.〔(CAIN – Chronology of events – August 1994 )〕
The IRA eventually called off this ceasefire on 9 February 1996 because of the exclusion of Sinn Féin from the peace talks. They ended the truce by detonating a truck bomb at Canary Wharf in London, which caused the deaths of two civilians and massive damage to property. In early June 1996, another truck bomb devastated Manchester city centre.
The Provisional IRA activities of 1996–1997 were used to gain leverage in negotiations with the British government during the period.〔O'Brien, Brendan (1999). ''The Long War – The IRA and Sinn Féin''. Syracuse University Press, pp. 370–371. ISBN 0-8156-0319-3〕 Whereas in 1994–95, the British Conservative Party government had refused to enter public talks with Sinn Féin until the IRA had given up its weapons, the Labour Party government in power by 1997 was prepared to include Sinn Féin in peace talks before IRA decommissioning. This precondition was officially dropped in June 1997.〔Maillot, Agnès (2005). ''New Sinn Féin: Irish republicanism in the twenty-first century''. Routledge, p. 32. ISBN 0-415-32197-2〕
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